DocumentCode :
1167418
Title :
Sensing Power Transfer Between the Human Body and the Environment
Author :
Veltink, Peter H. ; Kortier, Henk ; Schepers, H. Martin
Author_Institution :
Inst. for Biomed. Technol. (BMTI), Univ. of Twente, Enschede
Volume :
56
Issue :
6
fYear :
2009
fDate :
6/1/2009 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
1711
Lastpage :
1718
Abstract :
The power transferred between the human body and the environment at any time and the work performed are important quantities to be estimated when evaluating and optimizing the physical interaction between the human body and the environment in sports, physical labor, and rehabilitation. It is the objective of the current paper to present a concept for estimating power transfer between the human body and the environment during free motions and using sensors at the interface, not requiring measurement systems in the environment, and to experimentally demonstrate this principle. Mass and spring loads were moved by hand over a fixed height difference via varying free movement trajectories. Kinematic and kinetic quantities were measured in the handle between the hand and the load. 3-D force and moments were measured using a 6 DOF force/moment sensor module, 3-D movement was measured using 3-D accelerometers and angular velocity sensors. The orientation was estimated from the angular velocity, using the initial orientation as a begin condition. The accelerometer signals were expressed in global coordinates using this orientation information. Velocity was estimated by integrating acceleration in global coordinates, obtained by adding gravitational acceleration to the accelerometer signals. Zero start and end velocities were used as begin and end conditions. Power was calculated as the sum of the inner products of velocity and force and of angular velocity and moment, and work was estimated by integrating power over time. The estimated performed work was compared to the potential energy difference corresponding to the change in height of the loads and appeared to be accurate within 4% for varying movements with net displacements and varying loads (mass and spring). The principle of estimating power transfer demonstrated in this paper can be used in future interfaces between the human body and the environment instrumented with body-mounted miniature 3-D force and acceleration- - sensors.
Keywords :
acceleration measurement; biological techniques; force sensors; 3D force measurement; 3D moments measurement; environment; human body; physical labor; power transfer; rehabilitation; sports; Acceleration; Accelerometers; Angular velocity; Force measurement; Force sensors; Humans; Motion estimation; Performance evaluation; Springs; Velocity measurement; Ambulatory sensing; force sensing; inertial movement sensing; power estimation; work estimation; Acceleration; Algorithms; Analysis of Variance; Biomechanics; Environment; Hand; Humans; Monitoring, Ambulatory; Motion; Orientation; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9294
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TBME.2009.2014963
Filename :
4785519
Link To Document :
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