Certain characteristics of distributed parameter phase-shifting networks

The attenuation and the frequency-stability characteristics of the voltage and the current transfer functions (at 180° phase-shift) of some well-known two-port three-terminal nonuniform distributed parameter (NUDP) networks are presented. These results reveal, perhaps for the first time, the pattern of variation of the frequency stability with respect to the attenuation (at 180° phase shift) of the transfer function of a NUDP structure. It is observed that, for a given set of values of tapering factor, position of input end, load impedance, and source impedance, there is a unique physical length of each specimen of the NUDP network associated with a particular frequency of phase reversal at which the attenuation of the transfer function is the minimum.