Linear transformation active filters

An approach is presented in this paper for the design of active filters from doubly terminated lossless ladder filters. The method relies-on-the-lnear transformation of port variables from the V-I domain to a new domain in which the filter is realized actively. The resulting active filters are referred to as linear transformation active (LTA) filters. The transformations are applied on an element-by-element basis thus producing a systematic and effective way of achieving new active structures while others like the leapfrog and the wave active filter structures appear as special cases. Examples are presented in the paper to show the efficiency of the method and the importance of the results.