Assessment of spinning reserve in interconnected generation systems with export/import constraints

A probabilistic technique is presented for evaluating the spinning reserves required in an interconnected system configuration with export/import constraints. The technique is developed on the basis of each area in a multiarea configuration fulfilling two different risk criteria. This approach is known as the two-risks concept. Probabilistic models of export and import are developed to assess the spinning reserve and corresponding risk. The concepts and the pertinent features are illustrated using numerical examples