Low-power divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency dividers implemented with injection transformers

Author

Jang, S.L. ; Chang, C.W. ; Cheng, W.C. ; Lee, C.F. ; Juang, M.H.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electron. Eng., Nat. Taiwan Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Taipei

Volume

45

Issue

5

fYear

2009

Firstpage

240

Lastpage

241

Abstract

A new divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) is proposed. The ILFD consists of a 7.6 GHz voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and two transformers, which are in series with the cross-coupled transistors in the VCO for signal injection. The proposed CMOS ILFD has been implemented with the TSMC 0.13 m CMOS technology. At the supply voltage of 0.8 V, the core power consumption is 1.25 mW, and the free-running frequency of the ILFD is tunable from 7.2 to 7.87 GHz. At the input power of 0 dBm, the total divide-by-3 locking range is from 21.56 to 23.63 GHz as the tuning voltage is varied from 0.0 to 0.8 V. The phase noise of the locked ILFD output is lower than that of the free-running ILFD in the divide-by-3 mode.

Keywords

CMOS integrated circuits; frequency dividers; injection locked oscillators; low-power electronics; microwave oscillators; phase noise; transformers; transistors; voltage-controlled oscillators; CMOS technology; cross-coupled transistors; free-running frequency; frequency 21.56 GHz to 23.63 GHz; frequency 7.2 GHz to 7.87 GHz; injection transformers; low-power divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency dividers; phase noise; power 1.25 mW; size 0.13 mum; tuning voltage; voltage 0 V to 0.8 V; voltage controlled oscillator;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Electronics Letters

Publisher

iet

ISSN

0013-5194

Type

jour

DOI

10.1049/el:20092027

Filename

4796340