Title :
The Solid-State Lithium Battery: A New Improved Chemical Power Source for Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers
Author :
Greatbatch, Wilson ; Lee, John H. ; Mathias, Walter ; Eldridge, Margery ; Moser, James R. ; Schneider, Alan A.
Author_Institution :
Department of Physical Sciences, Houghton College, Houghton, N. Y. 14744.
Abstract :
A new solid-state battery, designed for implantable prosthetics is described. Single cell voltage is 2.8 V. The anode is metallic lithium. The cathode is a proprietary iodide. The electrolyte is a crystal, lithium iodide. Cell impedance at 37°C for a typical pacemaker battery is under 1000¿ at beginning of life (BOL) and 16 000 ¿ at end of life (EOL). The simple chemistry of the cell precludes hydrogen gas generation and thus, for the first time, permits hermetic sealing of a battery and/or pacemaker in a welded stainless-steel enclosure which may be used as the indifferent anode electrode in a monopolar system.
Keywords :
Anodes; Batteries; Cathodes; Chemicals; Impedance; Lithium compounds; Pacemakers; Prosthetics; Solid state circuits; Voltage; Biomedical Engineering; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Iodine; Lithium; Mercury; Pacemaker, Artificial;
Journal_Title :
Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TBME.1971.4502862
