Optimal Acquisition and Aggregation of Offshore Wind Power by Multiterminal Voltage-Source HVdc

This paper addresses the exploitation of offshore wind energy. A good example is in the shallow coastal waters around the Baltic Sea where there is high potential for wind turbines located at 10 to 30 km from the shore. The underwater transmission of power to shore has to be by cables. Therefore, dc transmission is required to avoid the large capacitive reactance currents of ac cables. This paper describes the optimal acquisition and aggregation of wind power by multiterminal HVdc based on sinusoidal pulse-width-modulated, three-phase voltage-source converters (SPWM-VSCs) connected at their ac terminals to the wind turbine generators.