Under reasonable assumptions, it is shown that the dynamic behavior of an analog multiplier driven by band-limited signals

and

can be modeled by
![\\upsilon _{0} = K[\\upsilon _{X}\\upsilon _{Y} -T_{A}\\dot{\\upsilon }_{X}\\upsilon _{Y} - T_{B}\\upsilon _{X}\\dot{\\upsilon }_{Y}]](/images/tex/10512.gif)
. The three model parameters

, and

can be determined by frequency-domain measurements. This simple equation can in turn be modeled by a circuit containing 2 linear capacitors, 2 linear controlled sources, and an ideal multiplier described by

.