Overcoming restoration challenges associated with major power system disturbances - Restoration from cascading failures

A study of annual system disturbances reported by the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) over a ten-year period shows 117 power system disturbances that have had one or more restoration problem(s) belonging to a number of functional groups. While this paper does not include all the restoration problems encountered, some of the more common and significant problems are briefly described. These failures clearly indicate a need for renewed emphasis on developing restoration methodologies and implementation plans