A High-Resolution Prototype System for Automatic Measurement of Standard Cell Voltage

The conceptual requirements, the design, and the initial performance of the prototype switching for connecting standard cells to an automatic measurement system are described. Features of the design include random selection of two cells at a time, inversion of connection polarity on command, modular construction for expansion, and less than 10-nV residual uncompensated error voltage. Also described briefly are controllers for manual operation of the switches and the rudimentary high-resolution digital potentiometer used to complete the measurement system. Results of tests of the switching and observations of the prototype system performance are presented.