Absolute magnetometry of thin cobalt films and Co/Cu multilayer structures at nanometer spatial resolution

Author

Mankos, Marian ; Yang, Z.J. ; Scheinfein, M.R. ; Cowley, J.M.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Phys. & Astron., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA

Volume

30

Issue

6

fYear

1994

fDate

11/1/1994 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

4497

Lastpage

4499

Abstract

The absolute measurement of magnetization in thin magnetic specimens at nanometer spatial resolution has been made possible by implementing two off-axis holography modes in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The absolute mode of STEM holography displays a linear change in phase difference for regions with constant magnetization and the slope determines the absolute value of magnetization in the specimen. The differential mode of STEM holography displays a constant value of phase difference for regions with constant magnetization, which simplifies the identification of magnetic structures in the specimen and the determination of domain wall profiles. Taking into account the high spatial resolution of a STEM instrument, STEM holography provides a valuable tool for quantitative investigations of magnetic structures at the nanometer level

Keywords

cobalt; copper; electron optics; ferromagnetic materials; holography; magnetic domain walls; magnetic domains; magnetic multilayers; magnetic thin films; magnetic variables measurement; magnetisation; scanning-transmission electron microscopy; Co; Co-Cu; Co/Cu multilayer structure; STEM; STEM holography; absolute mode; constant magnetization; differential mode; domain wall profiles; high spatial resolution; magnetic structures; magnetization; magnetometry; nanometer spatial resolution; off-axis holography modes; phase difference; scanning transmission electron microscopy; slope; thin cobalt films; thin magnetic specimens; Cobalt; Displays; Electrons; Holography; Magnetic domain walls; Magnetic domains; Magnetic films; Magnetic multilayers; Magnetization; Spatial resolution;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9464

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/20.334128

Filename

334128