The Characteristics of Standard Cells with a Low Temperature Coefficient

Through a series of precise measurements of electromotive force (EMF) of standard cells with a temperature range of 0-40°C, this paper proposes the following quartic equations for the cells with Cd-Pb, Cd-Sn, and Cd-Sn-Pb amalgam electrodes, respectively: Et = E20 - [17.36(t - 20) + 0.728(t - 20)2 - 0.0089(t - 20)3 + 0.000 03(t - 20)4] × 10-6(V) Et = E20 - [15.57(t - 20) + 0.624(t - 20)2 - 0.0107(t - 20)3 + 0.000 04(t - 20)4] × 10-6(V) Et = E20 + [23.57(t - 20) - 0.130(t - 20)2 + 0.0104(t - 20)3 - 0.000 08(t - 20)4] × 10-6(V) At the same time it has been found that the characteristics of these cells are almost similar to those of the normal Weston cells. The "criteria of hysteresis voltage" and the "criteria of standard cells of high quality" cannot be used as criteria for our cells. The quality of cells with Hg2SO4 prepared by the electrolytic method is better than that by the chemical method. The compositions of multimetal amalgams and the homogeneity of metal phases have a significant effect on the characteristics of these cells.