Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication PrinciplesOptimal Cost-Benefit for the Location of Capacitors in Radial Distribution Systems

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles

"Optimal Cost-Benefit for the Location of Capacitors in Radial Distribution Systems"
by H.M. Khodr, Zita A. Vale, Carlos Ramos
in the IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol 24, No 2, April 2009

After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE\´s Publication Principles.

This paper was found to be a near verbatim copy of the paper cited below. The original text was reused without appropriate attribution to the original publication, nor to the coauthors of the original paper.

Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following paper:

"Maximum Savings Approach for Location and Sizing of Capacitors in Distribution Systems"
by H.M. Khodr, F.G. Olsina, P.M. De Oliveira-De Jesus, J.M. Yusta,
in Electric Power Systems Research, 78 (2008), Elsevier, pp. 1192-1203

This paper proposes a computationally efficient methodology for the optimal location and sizing of static and switched shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems. The problem is formulated as the maximization of the savings produced by the reduction in energy losses and the avoided costs due to investment deferral in the expansion of the network. The proposed method selects the nodes to be compensated, as well as the optimal capacitor ratings and their operational characteristics, i.e., fixed or switched. After an appropriate linearization, the optimization problem was formulated as a mixed-integer linear problem, suitable for being solved by means of a widespread commercial package. Results of the proposed optimizing method are compared with another recent methodology reported in the literature using two test cases: a 15-bus and a 33-bus distribution network. For both - ases tested, the proposed methodology delivers better solutions indicated by higher losses savings, which are achieved with lower amounts of capacitive compensation. To calculate exactly the energy savings and the deferral investment cost, a power flow for radial distribution networks is executed before and after the compensation. The proposed method has also been applied for compensating an actual radial distribution network served by AES-Venezuela in the metropolitan area of Caracas. A convergence time of about 4 s after 22thinspace 298 iterations demonstrates the ability of the proposed methodology for efficiently handling compensation problems.