Title :
Elimination of photorefractive grating writing instabilities in iron-doped lithium niobate
Author :
Evans, Dean R. ; Basun, Sergei A. ; Saleh, Mohammad A. ; Allen, Amantha S. ; Pottenger, Tim P. ; Cook, Gary ; Bunning, Timothy J. ; Guha, Shekhar
Author_Institution :
Mater. & Manuf. Directorate, Air Force Res. Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA
fDate :
12/1/2002 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Two types of instabilities, one slow (seconds) and one fast (nanoseconds), are observed while writing volume gratings in bulk crystals of iron-doped lithium niobate using contra-directional two-beam coupling along the c axis. A method to eliminate the fast instability was achieved by coating the z surfaces of the crystal with either dielectric (anti-reflection) or transparent conductive coatings. For the second case, electrically shorting the crystal eliminated the slow instability.
Keywords :
electro-optical effects; holographic gratings; iron; lithium compounds; photorefractive effect; photovoltaic effects; LiNbO3:Fe; anti-reflection coatings; contra-directional two-beam coupling; electrical shorting; electro-optic effects; fast instability; grating instabilities; photorefractive grating writing instability elimination; photovoltaic field quasi-breakdown; slow instability; transparent conductive coatings; volume gratings; z surface coating; Coatings; Dielectrics; Gratings; Laboratories; Lithium niobate; Manufacturing; Photorefractive materials; Photovoltaic systems; Solar power generation; Writing;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JQE.2002.805109