Performance optimization for Perovskite based solar cells

Perovskite based solar cells have attracted much recent research interest due to the large efficiencies reported for simple planar structures. However, there is a lack of clarity in literature on the key functional parameters that control the eventual efficiencies. In this article, we provide a comprehensive modeling framework, well calibrated with experimental results from literature, to understand/interpret Perovskite based solar cells and suggest further optimization schemes. Indeed, our results show that the dark and light characteristics of these devices are dominated by recombination in Perovskite layer. Curiously, our analytical model predicts that the open circuit voltage could be much larger than built-in potential, a result supported by both literature results and numerical simulations. Finally, we identify optimization pathways to achieve > 20% efficiency for such solar cells.