Title :
Distribution Equipment Modernization to Reduce Arc Flash Hazards
Author :
Hopper, Warren S. ; Etzel, Brenda L.
Author_Institution :
Weyerhaeuser Co., Springfield, OR
Abstract :
This paper discusses a practical approach to allow personnel safe access to switchgear while maintaining pulp and paper mill processes, specifically in existing electrical distribution system unit substation installations where a main breaker was not incorporated into the original design. Various component configurations were evaluated prior to a final solution being implemented. Modernization of existing equipment was determined to be the most efficient and cost-effective solution, allowing mill personnel to work safely on switchgear during periods of mill production.
Keywords :
current transformers; paper mills; switchgear; current transformers; distribution equipment modernization; electrical distribution system; incident energy; infrared scanning; motor control center; paper mill processes; personal protective equipment; personnel safe access; pulp; reduce arc flash hazards; switchgear; time-current curve; Circuit breakers; Costs; Hazards; Milling machines; Motor drives; Personnel; Substations; Switches; Switchgear; Transformers; Arc flash hazard; current transformers (CTs); incident energy; infrared scanning; mini-vacuum circuit breaker; motor control center (MCC); personal protective equipment (PPE); primary switch; secondary main breaker; sightglasses; time–current curve (TCC); unit substation;
Journal_Title :
Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TIA.2008.921410