DocumentCode :
1226443
Title :
Scientific output of small and medium size firms in high tech industries
Author :
Chakrabarti, Alok K.
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Ind. Manage., New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, NJ, USA
Volume :
37
Issue :
1
fYear :
1990
fDate :
2/1/1990 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
48
Lastpage :
52
Abstract :
The author focuses on the scientific output of small and medium-sized firms in high-tech industries in the US. The indicators for technological output have been defined differently by different researchers. Economists have used patents as the measure of research and development (R&D) output, partly because they are easier to delineate than other indicators. Behavioral researchers interested in the R&D management process have relied on publications as a surrogate measure for R&D output, while research in science policy and innovation has focused on products and processes as indicators of innovation and technical output. The author focuses on all three measures as indicators of R&D output and investigates the interrelationship among them as well as the correlates for this output. Except for the chemical industry. R&D expenditure is closely related to size as measured by annual sales, rather than the net income. It is observed that a growing firm is more likely to spend proportionately more money in R&D. The three output measures-patents, papers, and new products-are correlated, but the pattern of the relationship is different in different industries. It is noted that a firm´s grown is linked with new products in only some industries. Patents do not seem to have any effect on sales growth. The growth in R&D is not a factor leading to a higher level of scientific productivity. The important factor is the average level of R&D spending. The policy implication for this observation is to maintain a steady funding level of R&D, avoiding sudden changes in R&D budget
Keywords :
industrial property; research and development management; development; high-tech industries; innovation; medium-sized firms; patents; products; publications; research; science policy; scientific productivity; small-sized firms; Chemical industry; Engineering management; Industrial relations; Innovation management; Marketing and sales; Protection; Research and development; Research and development management; Size measurement; Technological innovation;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Engineering Management, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9391
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/17.45268
Filename :
45268
Link To Document :
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