Exponentially tapered transmission line model of the arterial system

The arterial systemic tree is intricate and complex due to its numerous branches, nonuniform cross section and elasticity, and the rich harmonic composition of its pressure- and flow-pulses. To deal with this complexity, the modeling of the arterial system based on the technique of nonuniform transmission lines was undertaken. The main advantages of the technique are that it maintains a satisfactory response over a wide range of frequencies and that it analyzes the impedance and local reflection factor of various segments. The model, which utilizes far fewer parameters than previous models, supplies important information about reflections at bifurcations and impedance matching at the termination line.