Title :
Electrooptic Polymer Modulator With Single-Mode to Multimode Waveguide Transitions
Author :
DeRose, Christopher T. ; Mathine, David ; Enami, Yasufumi ; Norwood, Robert A. ; Luo, Jingdong ; Jen, Alex K -Y ; Peyghambarian, Nasser
Author_Institution :
Coll. of Opt. Sci., Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
fDate :
6/15/2008 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Grayscale lithography has been used to create refractive index (RI) tapers in an electrooptic (EO) polymer modulator. These RI tapers are used to convert a passive single-mode photobleached polymer waveguide to the fundamental mode of an unbleached, active multimode polymer waveguide. The benefits of this modulator design include a coupling loss reduction of 2.6 dB per interface and an increased confinement factor of 0.83. Using this design, an EO polymer modulator was fabricated with a half-wave voltage of 1.9 V, modulation extinction ratio of 15 dB, and a fiber to lens insertion loss of 11.6 dB.
Keywords :
electro-optical modulation; optical losses; optical polymers; optical waveguides; confinement factor; electrooptic polymer modulator; grayscale lithography; insertion loss; loss reduction; modulation extinction ratio; multimode waveguide transitions; polymer waveguide; refractive index tapers; single-mode waveguide transitions; voltage 1.9 V; Electrooptic modulators; Electrooptical waveguides; Gray-scale; Lithography; Optical design; Photobleaching; Polymers; Refractive index; Voltage; Waveguide transitions; Electrooptic (EO) polymer; grayscale lithography; modulator; sol-gel;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LPT.2008.924177
