An experimental technique for in vivo permittivity measurement of materials at microwave frequencies

A procedure for making in vivo dielectric measurements with an open-ended coaxial line probe is discussed. The theory behind the technique is discussed, along with a correction method to account for the system imperfections. Experimental results are compared with data for the lumped parameter model approach and a mathematically sound integral equation method available in the literature. The results show good agreement, with the exception of the lumped parameter technique, which deviates at higher frequencies. The limitations of this technique are considered