Title :
Modeling CPU Energy Consumption of HPC Applications on the IBM POWER7
Author :
Gschwandtner, Philipp ; Knobloch, Michael ; Mohr, Bastian ; Pleiter, Dirk ; Fahringer, Thomas
Author_Institution :
Julich Supercomput. Centre, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany
Abstract :
Energy consumption optimization of HPC applications inherently requires measurements for reference and comparison. However, most of today´s systems lack the necessary hardware support for power or energy measurements. Furthermore, in-band data availability is preferred for specific optimization techniques such as auto-tuning. For this reason, we present in-band energy consumption models for the IBM POWER7 processor based on hardware counters. We demonstrate that linear regression is a suitable means for modeling energy consumption, and we rely on already available, high-level benchmarks for training instead of self-written or hand-tuned micro-kernels. We compare modeling efforts for different instruction mixes caused by two compilers (GCC and IBM XL) as well as various multi-threading usage scenarios, and validate across our training benchmarks and two real-world applications. Results show mean errors of approximately 1% and overall max errors of 5.3% for GCC.
Keywords :
benchmark testing; energy consumption; multi-threading; multiprocessing systems; power aware computing; program compilers; regression analysis; CPU energy consumption modeling; GCC compiler; HPC application; IBM POWER7 processor; IBM XL compiler; autotuning; energy consumption optimization; energy measurement; hardware counter; hardware support; high-level benchmark; in-band data availability; in-band energy consumption model; linear regression; multithreading usage scenario; power measurement; training benchmark; Benchmark testing; Energy consumption; Energy measurement; Hardware; Radiation detectors; Training; Vectors; amester; energy consumption; energy consumption model; hpc; measurement; modeling; performance; power7;
Conference_Titel :
Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP), 2014 22nd Euromicro International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Torino
DOI :
10.1109/PDP.2014.112