Scalar and conformal holographic artificial impedance surface antennas

Three different kinds of artificial holographic impedance surface antennas are presented in this paper. The split main lobe problem of a plane surface is analyzed and overcome by introducing surface current theory. Both a conical conformal antenna and a cylindrical conformal antenna are designed to demonstrate the conformal capacities of these antennas. A spiral circularly polarized antenna is also proposed for the first time. All the analyses and simulation results have shown great prospects of artificial holographic impedance surface antennas.