Variety of proton whistlers: Satellite observation and theoretical analysis

Based on observations from the DEMETER satellite, we present and investigate various types of proton whistlers, including ionospherically reflected proton whistlers, which have not been discussed so far. The observations are complemented by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. A side result of the analysis consists in that the region in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide illuminated by a lightning stroke, which serves as an effective source of the emission, spreads more than 30 degrees over latitude in meridian plane.