Integrated wave-guiding media for microwaves and millimetre waves

Microwave or millimetre-wave integrated circuits are required in many low-to-medium range radars, associated electronic countermeasure equipment, some elements of terrestrial microwave links, and some of the `hardware¿ in satellite communication systems. A representative range of media currently used or projected for such integrated circuits are described and compared here. Most of the structures are also suitable for implementation within the rapidly-developing technology of very-high-speed digital systems incorporating gallium-arsenide monolithic integrated circuits