A variable block-size dot-based watermarking method

Author

Kwon, O-Hyung ; Kim, Young-Sik ; Park, Rae-Hang

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electron. Eng., Sogang Univ., Seoul, South Korea

Volume

45

Issue

4

fYear

1999

fDate

11/1/1999 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1221

Lastpage

1229

Abstract

We propose a digital watermarking method for still images in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain. The adaptive watermark insertion method is employed to increase the invisibility of the inserted watermark in images, in which variable block-size is adopted depending on the characteristics of the region. Experimental results with several test images show that the proposed watermarking method is robust to several common image processing techniques, including Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) compression, lowpass filtering, multiple watermarking, and cropping.

Keywords

adaptive signal processing; copyright; data compression; discrete cosine transforms; filtering theory; image coding; low-pass filters; security of data; transform coding; DCT; JPEG compression; Joint Photographic Experts Group; adaptive watermark insertion; cropping; digital watermarking method; discrete cosine transform; experimental results; image processing; lowpass filtering; multiple watermarking; ownership rights protection; region characteristics; still images; test images; variable block-size; variable block-size dot-based watermarking; Discrete cosine transforms; Hafnium; Petroleum; Robustness; Watermarking;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0098-3063

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/30.809212

Filename

809212