Emission minimisation dispatch constrained by cost and wind power

It is important to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of reducing emissions by increasing the penetration of wind power (WP). In this study, an emission minimisation model is proposed for a sample system consisting of both thermal generators and wind turbines. In this model, the probability of stochastic WP is included in the constraint set. This approach avoids the probabilistic infeasibility caused by using the average of random variables. The proposed model is implemented and the impact of WP on emission reduction is numerically evaluated. It is found that the impact can be readily characterised by a parameter called the penetration factor of WP.