Transmission of Electric Energy: a Bibliographic Review

The reforms carried out in various energy markets assign a central place to the transmission and hence this has created a dynamic research area, which is reported in this paper. There are various research topics, so it is required to identify the different areas and scientific advances in the field. Setting the types of assumptions used in the models and the influence of dynamic variables such as generation, demand and flow control will allow a better understanding of market dynamics. A comprehensive literature review is performed and in a context of power markets the most recent and relevant research in the evolution of the transmission is assessed. The paper presents topics of economic regulation and market mechanisms, planning, financial assessment, assignment, network congestion, economic and technical modeling methods and the influence of transmission technologies in the energy market. Research has sought to provide coupling mechanisms between economic and technical concepts, in order to provide feasible solutions to the electricity market. The debate about which is the best mechanism for the regulation of transmission, the planning model and the allocation of transmission costs, are still in force. The new contributions are focused on the impact of transmission on the market and the social benefits of the proposed mechanisms for transmission expansion.