Adaptive short-time Fourier analysis

This article presents a method of adaptively adjusting the window length used in short-time Fourier analysis, related to our earlier work in which we developed a means of adaptively optimizing the performance of the cone kernel distribution (CKD). The optimal CKD cone length is, by definition, a measure of the interval over which the signal has constant or slowly changing frequency structure. The article shows that this length can also be used to compute a time-varying short-time Fourier transform (STFT). The resulting adaptive STFT shares many desirable properties with the adaptive CKD, such as the ability to adapt to transient as well as long-term signal components. The optimization requires O(N) operations per step, less than the fast Fourier transform (FFT) used in computing each time slice, making it competitive in complexity with nonadaptive time-frequency algorithms.