Effects of saturation on machine reactances

The effects of magnetic saturation on the various types of reactances used in calculations on synchronous machines are considered in this paper. Saturation factors for the important constants used in transient and unbalanced load calculations are presented in curve form. These data are taken from short-circuit tests on a large number of machines. The saturation factor for transient reactance under conditions encountered in stability calculations is difficult to test directly so the test data are supplemented by theoretical calculations.