Abstract :
Every practicing engineer with responsibilities for industrial power system operations at one time or another needs to justify programs and expenditures that help to assure reliability or change, upgrade, or expand the system in some way. Embedded in the technical details intended for the knowledgeable electrical engineer are bits and pieces of the story that help justify those details to management or others not so familiar with the technology. This column helps separate the requirements from justification in the hope that it may help some of our readers.