Title :
LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguide fabrication by high-temperature proton exchange
Author :
Korkishko, Yuri N. ; Fedorov, Vyacheslav A. ; Feoktistova, Oksana Y.
Author_Institution :
Moscow Inst. of Electron. Technol., Russia
fDate :
4/1/2000 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
An efficient method, the high-temperature proton exchange (HTPE), to fabricate high-quality LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguides is studied. The new proton exchange source, the stearic acid diluted by lithium stearate, is proposed for HTPE process. The known soft proton exchange (SPE) process can be realized by HTPE. There are no phase transitions when the /spl alpha/-phase waveguides are fabricated by SPE. This phase presents the same crystalline structure as that of LiNbO/sub 3/ and, as expected, maintains the excellent nonlinear and electrooptical properties of the bulk material. The kinetics of HTPE is studied.
Keywords :
electro-optical effects; high-temperature techniques; integrated optics; ion exchange; lithium compounds; nonlinear optics; optical fabrication; optical waveguides; /spl alpha/-phase waveguides; LiNbO/sub 3/; LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguide fabrication; bulk material; crystalline structure; electrooptical properties; high-quality LiNbO/sub 3/ optical waveguide; high-temperature proton exchange; kinetics; lithium stearate; nonlinear properties; phase transitions; proton exchange source; soft proton exchange process; stearic acid; Annealing; Niobium compounds; Nonlinear optics; Optical device fabrication; Optical refraction; Optical surface waves; Optical variables control; Optical waveguides; Protons; Surface waves;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
