Intelligent slope-based maximum power point searching algorithm for fixed-pitch horizontal-axis wind energy systems

This paper proposes a novel machine parameter independent control algorithm that enables wind turbines to quickly and effectively extract maximum power from the wind turbine under changing atmospheric conditions. The energy captured by a wind turbine varies due to variations in wind velocity, air density (influenced by temperature and humidity), turbine aerodynamics, and generator dynamics. Without power electronics and power extraction control techniques, wind systems have low power extraction efficiency. Given that the power from the wind turbine is dependent on generator rotor speed, the proposed algorithm indirectly uses the tip speed ratio (TSR) to assist in the maximum power point search (MPPS). The slope (or indirect TSR) assisted MPPS provides historic system state information and preempts misguided control decisions due to deceptive power readings caused by atmospheric changes. In this paper, the wind energy system, algorithm design framework, performance, and real-time wind speed data is presented.