A Direct Derivation Technique for the Near Fields of Dipole Antennas

In this paper, we present a direct derivation technique for the near fields of dipoles placed along or parallel to any of the rectangular coordinate axes in three-dimensional (3D) space. This is a more-general computational approach compared to the traditional method, which is tied to the condition that the antenna needs to be placed symmetrically, that is, along only the z axis, in the cylindrical coordinate system. The proposed method therefore removes coordinate transformation in finding the near fields of dipoles that are placed along or parallel to the x and y axes.