Title : 
Statistical Analysis of Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio Monitoring Using Delay-Tap Sampling
         
        
            Author : 
Khan, F.N. ; Lau, Alan Pak Tao ; Li, Zhaohui ; Lu, Chao ; Wai, P.K.A.
         
        
            Author_Institution : 
Photonics Res. Centre, Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kowloon, China
         
        
        
        
        
        
        
            Abstract : 
We derive analytical expressions for the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring using delay-tap sampling for intensity-modulated direct-detection (IM/DD) systems. We demonstrate through our theoretical analysis and experimental results that modeling of noise correlation due to low-pass filtering between delay-tap samples enables accurate monitoring of OSNR, without recalibration for each system setup. Effects of chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization-mode dispersion on the proposed technique are investigated through numerical simulations. The monitoring error remains within ??1 dB for CD up to 400 ps/nm and differential group delay up to 45 ps.
         
        
            Keywords : 
Q-factor; correlation methods; low-pass filters; numerical analysis; optical dispersion; optical fibre communication; signal sampling; statistical analysis; IM/DD systems; Q-factor monitoring; chromatic dispersion; delay-tap sampling; intensity-modulated direct-detection systems; low-pass filtering; noise correlation; numerical simulations; optical signal-to-noise ratio monitoring; polarization-mode dispersion; statistical analysis; $Q$-factor monitoring; Delay-tap sampling; optical performance monitoring; optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring;
         
        
        
            Journal_Title : 
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
         
        
        
        
        
            DOI : 
10.1109/LPT.2009.2037130