De-embedding two-port noise parameters using a noise wave model

Equations are presented, suitable for computer or calculator, for accurately de-embedding the noise parameters of both the first and the second two-port in a cascade of noisy two-parts from known values of the noise parameters of the cascade. The derivations are presented in terms of a noise wave model for two-ports, using transfer scattering small signal parameters. A numerical example is presented in which the noise parameters of two cascaded passive two-ports having unequal physical temperatures are individually de-embedded from the noise parameters of the cascade. As a check on the analysis presented, the noise parameters of each two-port are also calculated directly from its scattering parameters and physical temperature