Characteristics of photonic bandgap structure comprised of open square rings

Open rings are utilised to realise TE-polarised 2D (E-field parallel to rings) photonic bandgap (PBG) structures. Open rings are placed in a regular lattice along the axis normal (longitudinal axis) to the plane of rings to construct quasi-rods, which are then set in a regular 2D lattice to obtain the PBG structure. Density of the elements along the longitudinal axis can be used to adjust the width of the bandgap. Typical guiding and resonance behaviours that are common features of 1D and 2D PBG defects can be easily realised in the context of this novel PBG. Simulations show confinement of the field within the defect regions.