Electromagnetic scattering and radiation by surfaces of arbitrary shape in layered media. I. Theory

An accurate and general procedure for the analysis of electromagnetic radiation and scattering by perfectly conducting objects of arbitrary shape embedded in a medium consisting of an arbitrary number of planar dielectric layers is developed. The key step in this procedure is a formulation of the so-called mixed-potential electric field integral equation (MPIE) that is amenable to an existing advanced solution technique developed for objects in free space and that employs the method of moments in conjunction with a triangular-patch model of the arbitrary surface. Hence, the goal is to immediately increase analysis capabilities in electromagnetics, yet remain compatible with the large existing base of knowledge concerning the solution of surface integral equations. Three alternative forms of the MPIE in plane-stratified media are developed, and their properties are discussed. One of the developed MPIEs is used to analyze scatterers and antennas of arbitrary shape that penetrate the interface between contiguous dielectric half-spaces