Available transfer capability of photovoltaic generation incorporated system

Available transfer capability (ATC) has been broadly used to measure further reliable power transfer capability between two areas in a power system. With the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) generation, the research concerning impacts of high PV penetration on ATC, due to PV´s characteristic of uncertainty and intermittence, has received increasing interests. This paper presented a method to evaluate this impact. Firstly, an annual random PV generation fluctuation model is established with random weather conditions. The model considers the probability, the maximum solar radiation, the radiation fluctuation due to clouds mask, and the temperature variation under various weather conditions. Secondly, an ATC computation method based on the sequential Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and the sensitivity analysis of the direct current (DC) power flow is proposed. Expectation, variance and corresponding annual indices are applied to evaluate the impacts of PV on ATC. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm are validated by an analysis performed on the IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS).