Title :
An Integrated Power Supply System for Low Power 3.3 V Electronics Using On-Chip Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells
Author :
Frank, Mirko ; Kuhl, Matthias ; Erdler, Gilbert ; Freund, Ingo ; Manoli, Yiannos ; Müller, Claas ; Reinecke, Holger
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Microsyst. Eng. (IMTEK), Univ. of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Abstract :
A stabilized power supply realized by chip-integrated micro fuel cells within an extended CMOS process is presented in this paper. The fuel cell system delivers a maximum power output of 450 ¿ W/cm2. The electronic control circuitry consists of an LDO, an on-chip oscillator and a programmable timing network. The core system consumes an average power of 620 nW. The system reaches a current efficiency of up to 92% and provides a constant output voltage of 3.3 V.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; power supply circuits; proton exchange membrane fuel cells; chip-integrated micro fuel cells; electronic control circuitry; extended CMOS process; integrated power supply system; onchip oscillator; onchip polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells; voltage 3.3 V; Biomembranes; CMOS process; Circuits; Fuel cells; Network-on-a-chip; Oscillators; Polymers; Power supplies; System-on-a-chip; Timing; CMOS compatible chip-integrated micro fuel cell; electronic control circuit; integrated metal hydrogen storage; stabilized on-chip power supply;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.2009.2034441
