General formulation of the response of wireline-type beam monitors

The response of wireline-type beam monitors is formulated for waveform measurements of electron beam pulses in the high-frequency region. The response is generally derived for the electron energy, wireline shape and monitor-beam configuration, and the wireline termination condition. The monitor produces an output signal by electromagnetic interaction with the electron beam without interrupting the beam. The general response can, to some extent, be derived from just the wireline geometry, without calculating the beam-induced electromagnetic field, and this is discussed first. The limiting response for a short wireline and low frequency was obtained as the responses of a button-type monitor for the open wireline, and as the response of a loop-monitor subject to Faraday´s law for a shorted wireline. The output waveform of the monitor is calculated for a simplified field configuration induced by a typical electron-beam pulse emitted from an electron linear accelerator. The monitor sensitivity involving electron energy dependence was derived. The experimental confirmation for the derived response will be described in a separate paper