Closed-loop analysis of sampled-data systems with appreciable pulse width

DURING the past decade, interest in sampled-data systems has grown at a prodigious rate. In some of the early work1,2 such systems were regarded as pulsed memory units which operate linearly on discrete data. In later work3,4 the concept of impulse modulation was introduced, and the modern theory of sampled-data system analysis was established with the definition of the z-transformation.4