Analysis of Static and Dynamic Scenarios of MIMO Systems for Physical Layer Modeling for Vehicular Communication

In this paper, the physical layer for a multi-antenna vehicular communication channel has been investigated considering the effects of antenna types, antennas´ orientation and position through a ray-tracing simulation. The simulation software utilized is Wireless InSite® from Remcom Inc. Both static and dynamic scenarios are considered. Multiple transmitters and receivers were spread on the rear, center and front of two vehicles separated by 10m distance. A car with a height more than transmitting and receiving end car was placed in between them to study the vehicular channel behavior in complete Non-Line of Sight (N-LOS) scenarios. To simulate the dynamic scenarios, the response of each receiver with respect to each transmitter was analyzed at a static situation. Then, the entire set up (transmitting, receiving and blocking cars) was moved to a new position, to examine the variation in the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) as well as multipath contributions in the changes in channel capacity. Both Omni directional and directional antennas were studied. Different antenna orientations were adopted in the case of directive horn antennas to analyze the effect of antenna directivity on improving the channel efficiency. Furthermore, incorporating the concept of Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO), antenna selection both at the transmitter and receiver sides were used to evaluate the channel capacity of a Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication system in respect to antenna position and car locations.