Title :
Ray-Tracing Studies on Optical Periscopes Suitable for Out-of-Plane Interconnects on Optical Backplanes
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Eng. Sci., Univ. of Appl. Sci. of Saarland, Saarbrucken, Germany
Abstract :
Micro-periscopes suitable for out-of-plane optical interconnects in multi-mode optical waveguide systems are investigated by ray-tracing simulations. Various parameter setups, e.g., curved mirrors and add-on lens systems, were investigated by applying methods of statistical design of experiments, such as fractional factorial design and surface response analysis. The optimum optical net-loss was found to be in the order of magnitude of 3.5 dB for such periscopes. Furthermore, misplacement analysis´ for these periscopes were performed in respect to a connection line of two tentative waveguides. The position of a -3 dB loss-line, was found to be as close as 35 ¿m and as far as 70 ¿m parallel to the ideal connection line of the waveguides.
Keywords :
design of experiments; microlenses; micromirrors; optical backplanes; optical design techniques; optical losses; optical waveguides; ray tracing; add-on lens systems; curved mirrors; fractional factorial design; misplacement analysis; multimode optical waveguide systems; optical backplanes; optical microperiscopes; optimum optical net-loss; out-of-plane optical interconnects; ray tracing simulations; statistical design of experiments; surface response analysis; waveguide connection line; Backplanes; Design methodology; Lenses; Mirrors; Optical design; Optical interconnections; Optical surface waves; Optical waveguides; Ray tracing; Response surface methodology; 3-D optical interconnects; Design of experiment (DOE); optical backplane; optical periscope; ray-tracing;
Journal_Title :
Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TEPM.2009.2038062
