DocumentCode :
13800
Title :
An Experimental Space for Conducting Controlled Driving Behavior Studies based on a Multiuser Networked 3D Virtual Environment and the Scenario Markup Language
Author :
Gajananan, Kugamoorthy ; Nantes, Alfredo ; Miska, M. ; Nakasone, A. ; Prendinger, Helmut
Author_Institution :
Nat. Inst. of Inf., Grad. Univ. for Adv. Studies, Tokyo, Japan
Volume :
43
Issue :
4
fYear :
2013
fDate :
Jul-13
Firstpage :
345
Lastpage :
358
Abstract :
We present a new framework for conducting controlled driving behavior studies based on multiuser networked 3-D virtual environments. The framework supports: 1) the simulation of multiuser immersive driving; 2) the visualization of surrounding traffic; 3) the specification and creation of reproducible traffic scenarios; and 4) the collection of meaningful driving behavior data. We use our framework to investigate the “rubbernecking” phenomenon, which refers to the slowing down of a driver due to an accident on the opposite side of the road, and its effect on the following drivers. The main contribution of the paper is the Scenario Markup Language (SML) framework, which is composed of: 1) the SML as a practical tool to specify dynamic traffic situations (e.g., an accident) and 2) the Scenario Control System to ensure the reproducibility of particular traffic situations, so that traffic engineers can obtain comparable data and draw valid conclusions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework, we specified the traffic accident scenario in SML and conducted a study about the rubbernecking phenomenon. We report on the results of our study from two viewpoints: 1) the reproducibility of the traffic accident situation (i.e., state variables of interest are recreated successfully in 78% of the cases); and 2) the interactive car-following behavior of human subjects embedded in the traffic situation of the virtual environment.
Keywords :
data visualisation; digital simulation; formal languages; human factors; road accidents; road safety; road traffic; traffic engineering computing; virtual reality; SML framework; Scenario Markup Language; controlled driving behavior studies; driving behavior data collection; dynamic traffic situations; interactive car-following behavior; multiuser immersive driving simulation; multiuser networked 3D virtual environment; reproducible traffic scenario creation; reproducible traffic scenario specification; road accident; rubbernecking phenomenon; scenario control system; traffic accident scenario; traffic visualization; Behavioral science; Driver assistance; Intelligent vehicles; Road transportation; Safety; Simulation; Traffic control; Driving behavior studies; human factor; simulation; traffic safety evaluation; traffic scenarios;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Human-Machine Systems, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
2168-2291
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TSMC.2013.2265876
Filename :
6548053
Link To Document :
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