Gravitational search algorithm application in optimal allocation and sizing of multi distributed generation

Distribution system represents the final link between bulk power system and the consumers. Distributed generators or small-scale energy sources are usually smaller than central energy sources and can produce electricity in the range of 10 kW to 10,000 kW. It is usually connected to the power system points close to the customer. Power loss in a distribution system consists of real and reactive power loss. Real power loss is due to the transmission lines resistance while reactive power loss is due to the inductive element, which allows the real power transfer in the distribution system. This paper presents the optimal allocation and sizing of multi-distributed generation (DG) in distribution system for minimum power loss. The study involves the development of Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) engine as an optimization technique. Comparison with respect to Evolutionary Programming (EP) was conducted in order to highlight its superiority. The developed algorithm has been validated on 15-Bus IEEE Distribution System and the results revealed that power loss is reduced. GSA outperformed EP in terms of achieving lower minimal power loss.