The angular distribution of energy received by ionospheric forward scattering at very high frequencies

A study has been made of the angular distribution in the horizontal plane of the energy reaching Slough from a v.h.f. transmitter at Gibraltar by scattering in the ionosphere. The mean bearing of the energy distribution is found to vary with time of day, and is, on the average, zero in the middle of the day and 7° west by night with reference to the great-circle path. The spread in bearing of the incident energy at any time has a standard deviation with a mean value of about 6°.