Title :
Numerical Investigations of and Path Loss Predictions for Surface Wave Propagation Over Sea Paths Including Hilly Island Transitions
Author :
Apaydin, Gökhan ; Sevgi, Levent
Author_Institution :
Electr. & Electron. Eng. Dept., Zirve Univ., Gaziantep, Turkey
fDate :
4/1/2010 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Surface wave propagation along multi-mixed-paths with irregular terrain over spherical Earth in two-dimension (2D) is discussed. For the first time in the literature, sea-land-sea (island) transition problem including non-flat (hilly) islands is investigated systematically. A finite element method based multi-mixed path surface wave virtual propagation predictor tool FEMIX is developed for this purpose. FEMIX, tested and calibrated against analytical ray-mode reference models accommodated with the Millington curve fitting approaches, is shown to be capable of modeling propagation along sea surface having multiple hilly islands over MF (300 kHz - 3 MHz) and HF (3 - 30 MHz) bands.
Keywords :
curve fitting; finite element analysis; microwave propagation; FEMIX; Millington curve fitting approach; analytical ray-mode reference model; finite element method; frequency 3 MHz to 30 MHz; frequency 300 kHz to 3 MHz; hilly island transitions; multimixed path surface wave virtual propagation predictor tool; path loss prediction; sea-land-sea transition problem; spherical Earth; surface wave propagation; Analytical models; Curve fitting; Earth; Finite element methods; Hafnium; Propagation losses; Sea surface; Surface fitting; Surface waves; Testing; Cauchy-type boundary condition; Millington effect; finite difference method; finite element method (FEM); hilly island; impedance boundary condition; island transition; mixed-path propagation; path loss; ray-mode methods; surface waves;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.2010.2041169
