Artificial intelligence: where has it been, and where is it going?

Author

Simon, Herbert A.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Psychol., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Volume

3

Issue

2

fYear

1991

fDate

6/1/1991 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

128

Lastpage

136

Abstract

The directions for near-future development of artificial intelligence (AI) can be described in terms of four dichotomies: the use of reasoning versus the use of knowledge; the roles of parallel and of serial systems; systems that perform and systems that learn to perform; and programming languages derived from the search metaphor versus languages derived from the logical reasoning metaphor. Although the author believes that there are reasons for emphasizing knowledge systems (production systems) that are serial, capable of expert performance, and designed in terms of the search metaphor, the other pathways are also important and should not be ignored. In particular, empirical work is needed in the construction and empirical testing of the performance of large systems to explore all of these branching pathways

Keywords

inference mechanisms; knowledge based systems; search problems; artificial intelligence; branching pathways; empirical testing; empirical work; expert performance; knowledge systems; large systems; logical reasoning metaphor; near-future development; production systems; programming languages; search metaphor; serial systems; Artificial intelligence; Cognitive science; Computer languages; Conference management; Expert systems; Humans; Knowledge based systems; Knowledge management; Machine intelligence; Production systems;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Knowledge and Data Engineering, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1041-4347

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/69.87993

Filename

87993