Multiple formulations for solution verification in numerical handling of antenna analysis and design problems

The problem posed by the fact that most numerical methods do not provide limits due to errors arising from the modeling of the structure or the numerical computations is addressed. It is shown that multiple simulations of the problem, using different but similar formulations, can overcome some of the uncertainties, without excessive computational overhead. In addition, the selection of an appropriate formulation for the problem can significantly improve the accuracy. The application of the approach to rotationally symmetric bodies and to bodies with rectangular cross section is considered. Representative examples are included to illustrate the benefits of using multiple solutions. A few design results are presented.<>