Equivalent circuits of imperfect condensers

Imperfect condensers usually are represented by equivalent electrical circuits consisting either of a pure capacitance and a resistance in series or by a pure capacitance and a resistance (or conductance) in parallel. Algebraic relationships existing among these circuit parameters are well known and commonly are used in dielectric study and electric circuit computations. For most dielectrics the equivalent series and parallel capacitances are essentially equal; in this paper examples are given where this is far from true.